INTRODUCTION:

Maintaining a positive impression of oneself, and giving confidence all depend on good oral hygiene. In addition to boosting oral health, tooth powder acts as an abrasive to assist remove food particles and dental plaque from the teeth. It also helps to resist conditions including gingivitis, cavities, and discoloured teeth. The use of tooth powder as a prophylactic cosmetic for teeth can help to prevent bad breath and tooth decay.

These days, herbal formulations are highly look for after due to their effectiveness in avoiding adverse effects when compared to synthetic formulations. It can be made from both synthetic and herbal substances Tooth powder and paste are placed to the teeth and rubbed against them, using their abrasive qualities to help remove the minerals and food junk that have built up there. In order to maintain oral hygiene, including freshness of breath and tooth decay prevention, tooth powder is utilised in conjunction with a toothbrush. The goal of this effort was to create a tooth powder that could be used as a tool for good oral health and to combat the negative effects of the traditional tooth powder made from synthetic substances. The dentifries was created utilising a variety of herbal components that have cooling, antibacterial, and antiseptic qualities¹. Azadirachta Indica (Neem powder), curcuma longa (turmeric), Acacia nilotica (Babul), Ocimumsantum Linn. (Tulsi), Cinnamomum camphora (Camphor), Eugenia caryophyllus (Clove powder), Coconut spathe, activated charcoal, Baking soda, Stevia Leaf and Rock salt. The herbs were utilised in this effort to create the perfect tooth powder, which can meet all the necessary requirements to keep the mouth fresh and to prevent tooth decay. Based on its abrasive qualities, tooth powder helps to remove food junk and minerals that have been deposited on the teeth after being applied to them. It can help with disguising and eliminating. Herbal toothpowder contains a lot of calcium, trace minerals, and antibacterial herbs. Baking soda alters the pH of the mouth. The calcium and trace minerals help to restore dental enamel, while the herbs have antibacterial properties and boost gum blood flow. For its superior quality and longer shelf life, herbal tooth powder is well regarded. A tooth-cleaning agent comprised almost total of natural components is herbal tooth powder.

Ingredients used in the formulation:

1. Neem powder:

Fig. no. 1:

Synonyms: Neem tree, nimb, limba, margosa, nim tree.

Family: Meliaceae

Order: Rutales

Genus: Azadirachta

Species: Indica.

Biological Source: It consist of dried powder of the leaves of the plant Azadirachta indica.

Chemical constituents: Nimbin, Nimbidinin, Nimbandiol.

Uses:

· Neem bark and leaf extract is most effectively used in preventing cavities and gum disease.

· Neem is the anti-inflammatory, antiseptic and highly beneficial

2. Turmeric:

Fig. no. 2:

Synonyms: Indian saffron, haldi

Family: Zingiberaceae

Order: zingiberales

GENUS: Curcuma

Species: longa

Biological Source: It consist of dried as well as fresh rhizomes of Curcuma longa linn

Chemical constituents: curcumin, cymene , tumeron , resin, curcumanoids, etc.

Uses:

· It reduces risk of gum pain and inflammation.

· Also used for teeth whitening.

· It delays the signs of aging like wrinkles and also possesses other properties like antibacterial, antiseptic, and anti-inflammatory.

3. Babul:

Fig. no. 3:

Synonyms: Babul, baboul, vachellia nilotica.

Family: Fabaceae

Order: Fabales

Genus: Acacia

Species: Nilotica

Biological source: It’s a dried gummy exudate obtained from stem and branches of Acacia nilotica.

Chemical constituents: Methionine, lysine, lupenone, lupeol, Niloticane.

Uses:

1. It helps in relieving joint pain due to its analgesic and anti-inflammatory

2. Treating mouth ulcer

3. It is helpful in managing teeth disorder like plaque formation, gingivitis.

4. Tulsi:

Fig. no. 4:

Synonyms: Sacred basil, Kali-Tulsi, Veranda

Family: lamiaceae

Order: lamiales

Genus: ocimum

Species: Tenuiflorum

Biological source: Tulsi consists of the fresh and dried leaves of Ocimum species like Ocimum sanctum L. and Ocimum basilicum L. etc.

Chemical constituents: Eugenol, cineole, terpinene, caryophyllene, etc.

Uses:

· Expectorant, bronchitis.

· It natural anti-inflammatory and anti-bacteria properties help curb the growth of bacteria in the mouth

5. Camphor:

Fig. no. 5:

Synonyms: Kapoor, Sheetabhra,

Family: lauraceae

Genus: Cinnamonum

Species: Camphora officinarum

Biological source: Camphor is a white crystalline substance, obtained from the tree Cinnamonum camphora

Chemical constituents: D-camphor (40.54%), linalool (22.92%), cineole (11.26%), and 3,7,11-trimethyl-3-hydroxy-6,10-dodecadien-1-yl acetate (4.50%)

Uses:

· Helps in managing toothache and gum dieseases due to its anti-inflammatory property.

· Stimulates nerve endings that reduce symptoms like pain and itching when topically applied to the skin

· It helps to reduce toothache and also control bleeding from gums when applied on the affected area.

6. Clove:

Fig. no. 6:

Synonyms: Laung, clavo

Family: Myrtaceae

Order: myrtales

Genus: Syzygium

Species: S aromaticum

Biological source: clove consists of dried flower buds of Eugenia caryophyllus

Chemical constituents: Eugenol, cineole, terpinene, caryophyllene, etc

Uses:

· Dental analagesic

· Carminative

· Antiseptic

· Flavouring agent

7. Stevia:

Fig. no. 7:

Synonyms: Candy leaf, sugar leaf, sugar herb of Paraguay, sweet honey leaf.

Family: Asteraceae

Order: Asterales;

Species: S. rebaudiana

Biological source: it is a sweet sugar substitute extracted from the leaves of plant species Stevia rebaudiana

Chemical constituents: eight diterpene glycosides: steviosides, steviolbioside, rebaudioside A, B, C, D and E, and dulcoside A

Uses:

· Remove plaque while improving the overall condition of the teeth

· It is a nonnutritive sweetner

· It is herbal supplement.

8. Rock salt:

Fig. no. 8:

Fomula: NaCl

Uses:

· Whitening toothpaste with rock salt. Removes stains for whiter teeth. Rock salt is the healthiest form of salt in Ayurveda.

· The salts works as a gentle abrasive, helping to remove stains from the teeth

Evaluation parameters:

· Organoleptic characterics:³

The sample was evaluated for organoleptic character like colour, odour, taste, appearance.

· Determination of pH:

A 1% w/v dispersion of tooth powder is prepared in distilled water and shaken gently for 30 minutes for homogenous dispersion. The dispersion is filtered from Whatman filter paper at room temperature and the pH of the filtrate is measured by digital pH meter. The measurement of sample is performed in triplicate and the results is expressed as the mean of measured observations. The acceptable pH between 3.76-8.03.

· Determination of loss on drying:²

2 gm of sample was taken in the oven at 105 c then cooled. The loss of weight is recorded as a percentage loss on drying and calculated by the given formula:

Weight of sample after drying

% Loss on drying = –––––––––––––––––––––––––– × 100

Sample weight

· Determination of bulk density:³

About 10 gm of sample was weighed and placed in dry measuring cylinder and record volume as V1 ml. cylinder containing sample was placed in bulk density apparatus and operated for 50 tapping. The volume occupied by the powder was recorded as V2 ml and calculated by given formula:

Bulk density = Untapped density – Tapped density.

· Foaming index:

It is determined by taking 10 ml of 1% w/v dispersion of tooth powder in 100 ml of measuring cylinder. The dispersion is stirred mechanically for 30 min. for creating the foam. When the maximum foam are produced the volume occupied by the foam is recorded and the mean of three respective observations is recorded. Results calculated by measuring the height of foam developed in the measuring cylinder.

CONCLUSION:

Powders are pharmaceutical solid dosage form which is applied to provide cleanliness and polishness in teeth to prevent dental caries. Tooth powders are common oral care product used to control plaque and other deposits from tooth surface thereby reducing gingivitis

From the current study, it may be concluded that toothpowder has been shown to be statistically superior to toothpastes in controlling dental plaque and gingivitis. The impact of toothpowder in the healthcare system can’t be excluded.

REFERENCE:

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Received on 17.05.2024 Revised on 06.08.2024

Accepted on 11.10.2024 Published on 18.11.2024

Available online from December 19, 2024

Res. J. Pharma. Dosage Forms and Tech.2024; 16(4):353-356.

DOI: 10.52711/0975-4377.2024.00055